C-x C-f

find-file

Find file and read it.

C-x C-v

find-alternate-file

Read another file; replace the one read currently in the buffer.

C-x i

insert-file

Insert file at cursor position.

C-x C-s

save-buffer

Save file. (If terminal hangs, C-q restarts.)

C-x C-w

write-file

Write buffer contents to file.

C-x C-c

save-buffers-kill-emacs

Exit Emacs.

C-z

suspend-emacs

Suspend Emacs (use exit or fg to restart).

C-f

forward-char

Move forward one character (right).

C-b

backward-char

Move backward one character (left).

C-p

previous-line

Move to previous line (up).

C-n

next-line

Move to next line (down).

M-f

forward-word

Move one word forward.

M-b

backward-word

Move one word backward.

C-a

beginning-of-line

Move to beginning of line.

C-e

end-of-line

Move to end of line.

M-a

backward-sentence

Move backward one sentence.

M-e

forward-sentence

Move forward one sentence.

M-{

backward-paragraph

Move backward one paragraph.

M-}

forward-paragraph

Move forward one paragraph.

C-v

scroll-up

Move forward one screen.

M-v

scroll-down

Move backward one screen.

C-x [

backward-page

Move backward one page.

C-x ]

forward-page

Move forward one page.

M->

end-of-buffer

Move to end-of-file.

M-<

beginning-of-buffer

Move to beginning of file.

(none)

goto-line

Go to line n of file.

(none)

goto-char

Go to character n of file.

C-l

recenter

Redraw screen with current line in the center.

M-n

digit-argument

Repeat the next command n times.

C-u n

universal-argument

Repeat the next command n times.

Del

backward-delete-char

Delete previous character.

C-d

delete-char

Delete character under cursor.

M-Del

backward-kill-word

Delete previous word.

M-d

kill-word

Delete the word the cursor is on.

C-k

kill-line

Delete from cursor to end-of-line.

M-k

kill-sentence

Delete sentence the cursor is on.

C-x Del

backward-kill-sentence

Delete previous sentence.

C-y

yank

Restore what you've deleted.

C-w

kill-region

Delete a marked region (see Section 10.4.4).

(none)

backward-kill-paragraph

Delete previous paragraph.

(none)

kill-paragraph

Delete from the cursor to the end of the paragraph.

C-@

set-mark-command

Mark the beginning (or end) of a region.

C-Space

(Same as preceding)

(Same as preceding)

C-x C-p

mark-page

Mark page.

C-x C-x

exchange-point-and-mark

Exchange location of cursor and mark.

C-x h

mark-whole-buffer

Mark buffer.

M-q

fill-paragraph

Reformat paragraph.

(none)

fill-region

Reformat individual paragraphs within a region.

M-h

mark-paragraph

Mark paragraph.

M-{

backward-paragraph

Move backward one paragraph.

M-}

forward-paragraph

Move forward one paragraph.

(none)

backward-kill-paragraph

Delete previous paragraph.

(none)

kill-paragraph

Delete from the cursor to the end of the paragraph.

C-g

keyboard-quit

Abort current command.

C-x u

advertised-undo

Undo last edit (can be done repeatedly).

(none)

revert-buffer

Restore buffer to the state it was in when the file was last saved (or auto-saved).

C-t

transpose-chars

Transpose two letters.

M-t

transpose-words

Transpose two words.

C-x C-t

transpose-lines

Transpose two lines.

(none)

transpose-sentences

Transpose two sentences.

(none)

transpose-paragraphs

Transpose two paragraphs.

M-c

capitalize-word

Capitalize first letter of word.

M-u

upcase-word

Uppercase word.

M-l

downcase-word

Lowercase word.

M- - M-c

negative-argument; capitalize-word

Capitalize previous word.

M- - M-u

negative-argument; upcase-word

Uppercase previous word.

M- - M-l

negative-argument; downcase-word

Lowercase previous word.

(none)

capitalize-region

Capitalize initial letters in region.

C-x C-u

upcase-region

Uppercase region.

C-x C-l

downcase-region

Lowercase region.

C-s

isearch-forward

Start or repeat incremental search forward.

C-r

isearch-backward

Start or repeat incremental search backward.

Return

(none)

Exit a successful search.

C-g

keyboard-quit

Cancel incremental search; return to starting point.

Del

(none)

Delete incorrect character of search string.

M-C-r

isearch-backward-regexp

Incremental search backward for regular expression.

M-C-s

isearch-forward-regexp

Incremental search forward for regular expression.

(none)

abbrev-mode

Enter (or exit) word abbreviation mode.

C-x a -

inverse-add-global-abbrev

Define previous word as global (mode-independent) abbreviation.

C-x a i l

inverse-add-mode-abbrev

Define previous word as mode-specific abbreviation.

(none)

unexpand-abbrev

Undo the last word abbreviation.

(none)

write-abbrev-file

Write the word abbreviation file.

(none)

edit-abbrevs

Edit the word abbreviations.

(none)

list-abbrevs

View the word abbreviations.

(none)

kill-all-abbrevs

Kill abbreviations for this session.

C-x b

switch-to-buffer

Move to specified buffer.

C-x C-b

list-buffers

Display buffer list.

C-x k

kill-buffer

Delete specified buffer.

(none)

kill-some-buffers

Ask about deleting each buffer.

(none)

rename-buffer

Change buffer name to specified name.

C-x s

save-some-buffers

Ask whether to save each modified buffer.

C-x 2

split-window-vertically

Divide the current window in two vertically, resulting in one window on top of the other.

C-x 3

split-window-horizontally

Divide the current window in two horizontally, resulting in two side-by-side windows.

C-x >

scroll-right

Scroll the window right.

C-x <

scroll-left

Scroll the window left.

C-x o

other-window

Move to the other window.

C-x 0

delete-window

Delete current window.

C-x 1

delete-other-windows

Delete all windows but this one.

(none)

delete-windows-on

Delete all windows on a given buffer.

C-x ^

enlarge-window

Make window taller.

(none)

shrink-window

Make window shorter.

C-x }

enlarge-window- horizontally

Make window wider.

C-x {

shrink-window- horizontally

Make window narrower.

M-C-v

scroll-other-window

Scroll other window.

C-x 4 f

find-file-other-window

Find a file in the other window.

C-x 4 b

switch-to-buffer-other-window

Select a buffer in the other window.

C-x 5 f

find-file-other-frame

Find a file in a new frame.

C-x 5 b

switch-to-buffer-other-frame

Select a buffer in another frame.

(none)

compare-windows

Compare two buffers; show first difference.

C-c C-c

interrupt-shell-subjob

Terminate the current job.

C-c C-d

shell-send-eof

End-of-file character.

C-c C-u

kill-shell-input

Erase current line.

C-c C-w

backward-kill-word

Erase the previous word.

C-c C-z

stop-shell-subjob

Suspend the current job.

C-x .

set-fill-prefix

Prepend each line in paragraph with characters from beginning of line up to cursor column; cancel prefix by typing this command in column 1.

(none)

indented-text-mode

Major mode: each tab defines a new indent for subsequent lines.

(none)

text-mode

Exit indented text mode; return to text mode.

M-C-\

indent-region

Indent a region to match first line in region.

M-m

back-to-indentation

Move cursor to first character on line.

M-^

delete-indentation

Join this line to the previous line.

M-C-o

split-line

Split line at cursor; indent to column of cursor.

(none)

fill-individual- paragraphs

Reformat indented paragraphs, keeping indentation.

(none)

center-line

Center line that cursor is on.

(none)

center-paragraph

Center paragraph that cursor is on.

(none)

center-region

Center currently defined region.

C-x (

start-kbd-macro

Start macro definition.

C-x )

end-kbd-macro

End macro definition.

C-x e

call-last-kbd-macro

Execute last macro defined.

M-n C-x e

digit-argument and call-last-kbd-macro

Execute last macro defined n times.

C-u C-x (

start-kbd-macro

Execute last macro defined, then add keystrokes.

(none)

name-last-kbd-macro

Name last macro you created (before saving it).

(none)

insert-last-keyboard- macro

Insert the macro you named into a file.

(none)

load-file

Load macro files you've saved.

(none)

macroname

Execute a keyboard macro you've saved.

C-x q

kbd-macro-query

Insert a query in a macro definition.

C-u C-x q

(none)

Insert a recursive edit in a macro definition.

M-C-c

exit-recursive-edit

Exit a recursive edit.

C-h a

command-apropos

What commands involve this concept?

(none)

apropos

What commands, functions, and variables involve this concept?

C-h c

describe-key-briefly

What command does this keystroke sequence run?

C-h b

describe-bindings

What are all the key bindings for this buffer?

C-h k

describe-key

What command does this keystroke sequence run, and what does it do?

C-h l

view-lossage

What are the last 100 characters I typed?

C-h w

where-is

What is the key binding for this command?

C-h f

describe-function

What does this function do?

C-h v

describe-variable

What does this variable mean, and what is its value?

C-h m

describe-mode

Tell me about the mode the current buffer is in.

C-h s

describe-syntax

What is the syntax table for this buffer?

C-h t

help-with-tutorial

Run the Emacs tutorial.

C-h i

info

Start the Info documentation reader.

C-h n

view-emacs-news

View news about updates to Emacs.

C-h C-c

describe-copying

View the Emacs General Public License.

C-h C-d

describe-distribution

View information on ordering Emacs from the FSF.

C-h C-w

describe-no-warranty

View the (non)warranty for Emacs.